📄️ How the Web Works
A practical guide to clients, servers, DNS, ISPs, packets, TCP connections, caching, and the browser rendering pipeline.
📄️ Communication Protocols
A practical guide to application and transport protocols, including HTTP, HTTPS, HTTP/3, WebSockets, SMTP, FTP, TCP, and UDP.
📄️ REST APIs
A practical guide to REST APIs, HTTP requests and responses, resources, methods, status codes, headers, URL design, caching, pagination, authentication, idempotency, concurrency, and consistent API contracts.
📄️ GraphQL
A practical guide to GraphQL schemas, queries, mutations, resolvers, response handling, caching, batching, security, and choosing between GraphQL and REST.
📄️ gRPC
A practical guide to gRPC, Protocol Buffers, HTTP/2, unary and streaming RPCs, deadlines, errors, security, load balancing, browser support, and service-to-service communication.